Usenkova Irina Valerievna – headchief expert on medical and social examination of the Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 54A Dubrovinskogo Street, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; e-mail: expert@mse24.ru.
Rychkova Natalya Mikhailovna – deputy head for expert work of the Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 54A Dubrovinskogo Street, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; e-mail: zam-expert@mse24.ru.
Pal Larisa Aleksandrovna – head of the expert staff N 1 of the Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 54A Dubrovinskogo Street, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; e-mail: sostav1@mse24.ru.
Bazueva Irina Vasilievna – acting head of the Department of Expert Rehabilitation Research and Co-operation of the Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 54A Dubrovinskogo Street, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; e-mail: erik@mse24.ru.
Sidamonidze Tatyana Alekseevna – head of the organizational and methodological department of the Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 54A Dubrovinskogo Street, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; e-mail: omo@mse24.ru.
In the heading: Original researches
Year: 2024 Volume: 6 Journal number: 3
Pages: 47-53
Article type: scientific and practical
UDC: 616-004.8
DOI: 10.26211/2658-4522-2024-6-3-47-53
Introduction. The relevance of this article is determined by the high rates of morbidity and primary disability due to cirrhosis of the liver in all age groups of the population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the social significance during the comprehensive rehabilitation of citizens, as well as a pronounced medical and social orientation.
Aim. To assess morbidity, disability and modern approaches to rehabilitation of people aged 18 years and older with liver pathology for the period 2021-2023.
Materials and methods. The research is continuous. The object of the study: a contingent of people aged 18 years and older with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, including cirrhosis of the liver. Information sources: state report on the health status of the population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory for 2021-2023. Ministry of Health of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, Federal State Statistical Observation Form N 7-sobes, approved by Rosstat Order N 742 of December 5, 2019, for 2021-2023, Federal State Information System “Unified automated vertically integrated information and Analytical system for conducting medical and social expertise”.
Results. According to the results of the study, it can be seen that the number of people with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, including cirrhosis of the liver, is increasing in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, which leads to an increase in disability. As a rule, severe disability groups are established in this pathology. Very often, even at the initial treatment, disability is established indefinitely, which indicates a low rehabilitation potential and the impossibility of eliminating life restrictions. Rehabilitation of citizens with liver pathology requires a long period of time and should include not only medical, but also social, professional, and psychological rehabilitation, which is primarily aimed at reducing complications and disease progression.
Discussion. According to the results of the analysis of the protocols of the medical and social examination of citizens with gastrointestinal tract disease and statistical data from the report of the Ministry of Health of the Krasnoyarsk Territory on morbidity, it is clear that in order to improve the situation of morbidity and disability due to diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, it is necessary to conduct a complete comprehensive rehabilitation, and, above all, medical rehabilitation, including the development of liver transplantation.
Conclusion. According to the results of the analysis, it was revealed that diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, including cirrhosis of the liver, are relevant in our time, since citizens of all age categories suffer from these diseases. The disease leads to disability and the establishment of severe groups. Treatment and rehabilitation require a comprehensive approach and high financial costs on the part of the state. The most effective method in rehabilitation is liver transplantation. After liver transplantation, the survival rate during the year is 85 % – 90 %, five years – 70 % – 75 %, ten years – 60 %, twenty years – 40 %.
Keywords: cirrhosis of the liver, disability, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver transplantation, rehabilitation
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