Studying the participation of non-profit organizations in providing assisted living services to mentally disabled persons

Authors:

Kozhushko Ludmila Aleksandrovna — PhD in Medical Sciences (Cand. Med. Sci.), Director of the Federal Methodological and Methodological Center for the Development of Assisted Living for the Disabled, Albrecht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation, 50 Bestuzhevskaya Street, 195067 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: l.timch@mail.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3291-6606.

Kantysheva Irina Georgievna — junior researcher at the Department of Social and Vocational Rehabilitation of Disabled People, Albrecht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation, 50 Bestuzhevskaya Street, 195067 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: iren.kante@mail.ru; http://orcid.org/0009-0003-5560-1727.

Annotation:

Introduction. In order to implement the state policy on the targeted provision of social assistance and improve the quality of social services to people with disabilities in the subjects of the Russian Federation, work is being carried out to involve socially-oriented non-profit organizations (NPOs) in the provision of services and supporting activities in the organization of the rehabilitation of disabled people, including those with mental disorders.
The relevance of the study is determined by the need to study the participation of NPOs in the provision of assisted living services to disabled people with mental disorders due to the significant number of those citizens who, according to the conclusion of the medical and social experts, could self-serve, integrate into society and lead an independent lifestyle, but need socialization and assistance.

Aim. Evaluation of the contribution of non-profit organizations to the development of the system of assisted living services for disabled persons with mental disorders.

Materials and methods. The research materials were data collected by our methodology for monitoring the activities of social-oriented non-profit organizations providing assisted living for people with disabilities due to mental disorders, submitted by the executive authorities of 74 subjects of the Russian Federation as of 01.01.2022.

Results. According to the monitoring results, it was revealed that in 25 (33,8 %) subjects of the Russian Federation, 41 non-profit organizations participate in the implementation of assisted living for people with disabilities due to mental disorders and behavioral disorders, which is 11,0 % of the total structure of organizations providing assisted living services to people with disabilities. About half of them, 46.3 %, provide services to people with disabilities on a permanent basis, while the vast majority of government organizations (78,0 %) provide services to people with disabilities within the framework of educational assisted living.

Discussion. For the first time, an assessment of the activities of non-profit organizations and their contribution to the development of the system of providing services to persons with disabilities with mental disorders in the framework of accompanied living was carried out. Despite the fact that the share of NPOs is 11.0 % in the total structure of organizations providing assisted living services to people with disabilities, about half of them provide services to people with disabilities on a permanent basis, which ultimately contributes to improving the level and quality of their lives.

Conclusion. The involvement of non-profit organizations in the system of implementation of assisted living for people with mental disorders has been revealed. For people with disabilities with this pathology, the number of NPOs involved in the provision of services is 13.9 %. Priority in financing services within the framework of accompanied accommodation belongs to the government.

List of cited literature:

1. Deklaratsiya prav umstvenno otstalykh lits. Rezolyutsiya 2856 GA OON ot 20.12.1971. [Declaration of the Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons. UN General Assembly Resolution 2856 of December 20, 1971]. Available at: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/declarations/retarded.shtml. (accessed 13.07.2023). (In Russian).

2. Deklaratsiya prav invalidov. Rezolyutsiya GA OON 3447 ot 09.12.1975. [Declaration of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. UNGA Resolution 3447 of December 9, 1975]. Available at: https://www.un.org/ ru/documents/decl_conv/declarations/disabled.shtml. (accessed 13.07.2023). (In Russian).

3. Vsemirnaya programma deistvii v otnoshenii invalidov. Rezolyutsiya 37/52 GA OON ot 03.12.1982. [The World Programme of Action concerning Persons with Disabilities. UNGA Resolution 37/52 of December 3, 1982]. Available at: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_ conv/conventions/prog1.shtml. (accessed 13.07.2023). (In Russian).

4. Standartnyepravilaobespechenijaravnyhvozmozhnostej dlja invalidov. Rezoljucija 48/96 GA OON ot 20.12.1993. [Standard Rules for Ensuring Equal Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities. UNGA Resolution 48/96 of December 20, 1993]. Available at: https://www.un.org/ ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/disabled.shtml. (accessed 13.07.2023). (In Russian).

5. Konventsija o pravah invalidov. Prinjata rezoljutsiej 61/106 GA OON 13.12.2006. [Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Adopted by UNGA resolution 61/106 of December 13, 2006.]. Available at: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/ disability.shtml. (accessed 13.03.2023). (In Russian).

6. Antropov VV. Sistema social’noj zashhity v Finljandii [Social protection system in Finland]. Sovremennaja Evropa. 2005; (3):45-51. (In Russian).

7. Antropov VV. Ekonomicheskie modeli social’noj zashhity naselenija v gosudarstvah ES: avtoref. dis. kandidata ekon. nauk [Economic models of social protection of the population in the EU States: abstract of the dissertation for the degree of candidate of economic sciences]. M., 2007. 48 р. (In Russian).

8. Petrosjan VA. K voprosu ob opyte Francii po social’nomu soprovozhdeniju ljudej s narushenijami intellekta [On the question of France’s experience in social support of people with intellectual disabilities]. Sociologija [Sociologia]. 2020;(4):126-31. (In Russian).

9. Pacient ili chelovek? Gollandskij opyt [Patient or person? The Dutch experience]. Available at: https://www. miloserdie.ru/article/pacient-ili-chelovek-gollandskij-opyt/?. (accessed 13.03.2023). (In Russian).

10. Homchenko EO. Realizacija kompleksnoj sistemy mer social’noj zashhity i social’nyh uslug v Italii [Implementation of a comprehensive system of social protection measures and social services in Italy]. Vestnik RUDN [RUDN Bulletin]. 2013;(1):91-100. (In Russian).

11. Gilbert H, Peck E, Ashton B, Edwards N, et al. Service transformation: Lessons from mental health. The King’s Fund, February 2014. Available at: https:// www.kingsfund.org.uk/sites/default/files/field/ field_publication_file/service-transformation-lessons-mental-health-4-feb-2014.pdf. (accessed 13.07.2023).

12. Ignatova SN. Sravnitel’nyj analiz evropejskih sistem podderzhki invalidov v gorodskom prostranstve (na primere Rossii i stran Baltijskogo regiona)[ Comparative analysis of European disability support systems in urban space (on the example of Russia and the Baltic region countries)]. Social’nye i prostranstvennye izmerenija sovremennogo megapolisa: Materialy IX sociologicheskih chtenij pamjati Valerija Borisovicha Golofasta (1941-2004), Sankt-Peterburg, 03-05 aprelja 2017 goda [Social and spatial dimensions of a modern megalopolis: Materials of the IX sociological readings in memory of Valery Borisovich Golofast (1941-2004), St. Petersburg, April 03-05, 2017]. Sankt-Peterburg [St. Petersburg], 2017. р. 72-84. (In Russian).

13. O ratifikacii Konvencii o pravah invalidov [On the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities]. Federal’nyj zakon ot 03.05.2012 N 46-FZ [Federal Law of May 3, 2012 N 46-FZ]. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/902344657?ysclid=lm7o dchtrl704334905. (accessed 13.07.2023). (In Russian).

14. Podderzhivajushhee zhil’e dlja lic, stradajushhih dushevnymi zabolevanijami i imejushhih pravo na reabilitacionnuju korzinu [Supportive housing for persons suffering from mental illness and eligible for a rehabilitation basket]. Available at: www.gov.il/ru/ service/rehabilitation -housing (accessed 13.07.2023) (In Russian).

15. Supported living services. The NHS website for England. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/social-care-and-support-guide/care-services-equipment-and-care-homes/supported-living-services. (accessed 13.07.2023).

16. Tanzman B. An overview of surveys of mental health consumers’ preferences for housing and support services. Hospital and Community Psychiatry. 1993;44(5):450-5. DOI:10.1176/ps.44.5.450.

17. Shepherd G. System Failure? The Problems of Reductions in Long Stay Beds in the UK. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences. 1998;7(2):127-134. DOI: 10.1017/S1121189X00007260.

18. Heumann L. Assisted Living in Public Housing. New Directions in Urban Public Housing. 2017:61-82. DOI:10.4324/9781315125220-4.

19. Kac LI, Storozhuk OG, Kac JM. Formy soprovozhdaemogo prozhivanija vo Vladimirskoj oblasti. Juridicheskie aspekty i opyt raboty VOOO ARDI “SVET” po vnedreniju i razvitiju soprovozhdaemogo prozhivanija [Forms of accompanied residence in the Vladimir region. Legal aspects and work experience of ARDI SVET on the implementation and development of assisted living]. Vladimir. 2015. 204 p. (In Russian).

20. Zhizn’ s dostoinstvom: prakticheskoe posobie po soprovozhdaemomu prozhivaniju [Living with Dignity: a practical guide to accompanied living]. Pod red. Carjova AM [Edited by Carjova AM]. M.: Izdatel’stvo “Pero” [Moscow: Publishing house “Pero”], 2017. 272 p. (In Russian).

21. Kozhushko LA, Gordievskaja EO, Demina JN. Soprovozhdaemoe prozhivanie: opyt, problemy, perspektivy razvitija [Assisted accommodation: living: problems, development prospects]. Fizicheskaja i reabilitacionnaja medicina [Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine]. 2019;1(2):26-36. (In Russian).

22. Ob utverzhdenii metodicheskih rekomendacij po organizacii razlichnyh tehnologij soprovozhdaemogo prozhivanija invalidov, v tom chisle takoj tehnologii, kak soprovozhdaemoe sovmestnoe prozhivanie malyh grupp invalidov v otdel’nyh zhilyh pomeshhenijah [About the approval of methodological recommendations on the organization of various technologies of accompanied accommodation of disabled people, including such technology as accompanied cohabitation of small groups of disabled people in separate residential premises]. Prikaz Mintruda Rossii ot 14.12.2017 N 847 [The Order of Ministry of Labor of Russia of December 14, 2017 N 847].
Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/55611554 2?ysclid=lm7offnduu259885501. (accessed 13.07.2023). (In Russian).

23. O vnesenii izmenenij v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossijskoj Federacii [On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation]. Federal’nyj zakon ot 28.04.2023 N 137-FZ [Federal Law of April 28, 2023 N 137-FZ]. Available at: http://publication.pravo. gov.ru/Document/View/0001202304280002?ysclid=lma d37d8te375885151. (accessed 13.07.2023). (In Russian).

24. Ob osnovakh sotsial’nogo obsluzhivaniya grazhdan v Rossiiskoi Federatsii [On the basics of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation]. Federal’nyi zakon ot 28.12.2013 N 442-FZ [Federal Law of December 28, 2013 N 442-FZ]. Available at: http://publication.pravo. gov.ru/Document/View/0001201312300060. (accessed 13.07.2023). (In Russian).

25. O nekommercheskih organizacijah [About non-profit organizations]. Federal’nyj zakon ot 12.01.1996 N 7-FZ [Federal Law of January 12, 1996 N 7-FZ]. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/9015223?ysclid=lm7ol9 md2b489053359. (accessed 13.07.2023). (In Russian).

26. O vnesenii izmenenij v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossijskoj Federacii po voprosu podderzhki social’no orientirovannyh nekommercheskih organizacij [On amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation on the issue of support for socially oriented non-profit organizations]. Federal’nyj zakon ot 05.04.2010 N 40-FZ (red. 21.12.2021) [Federal Law of April 5, 2010 N 40-FZ (edit. 21.12.2021)]. Available at: https://base.garant.ru/12174777. (accessed: 13.07.2023). (In Russian).

27. Dzjubak IS. Teoreticheskie i normativno-pravovye osnovy dejatel’nosti nekommercheskih organizacij v sisteme social’nogo obsluzhivanija grazhdan [Theoretical and regulatory foundations of the activities of non-profit organizations in the system of social services for citizens]. Evrazijskij sojuz uchenyh [Eurasian Union of Scientists]. 2018;7-4(52):30-6. (In Russian).