On the development of social occupation technology of disabled people in the Russian Federation

Authors:

Starobina Elena Mikhailovna – Grand PhD in Pedagogical Sciences (Dr. Ped. Sci.), Head of the Department of Social and Vocational Rehabilitation and Habilitation of the disabled Institute of Rehabilitation and Habilitation of the Disabled, Albrecht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation, 50 Bestuzhevskaya Street, 195067 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: estarobina@yandex.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1820-9307.

Ryabtcev Mikhail Viktorovich – Associate Director of Institute of Rehabilitation and Habilitation of the Disabled, Albrecht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation, 50 Bestuzhevskaya Street, 195067 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: ryabtcevmv@yandex.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5564-6093.

Sokurov Andrey Vladimirovich – Grand PhD in Medical Sciences (Dr. Med. Sci.), Associate Professor, Director of the Institute of Additional Professional Education, Albrecht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation, 50 Bestuzhevskaya Street, 195067 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: ansokurov@yandex.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3736-2895.

Gordievskaya Elena Olegovna – PhD in Pedagogical Sciences (Cand. Ped. Sci.), Senior Researcher at the Department of Social and Vocational Rehabilitation of the Institute of Rehabilitation and Habilitation for Disabled, Albrecht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Medial and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation, 50 Bestuzhevskaya Street, 195067 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: elena.gord@bk.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7617-298X.

Annotation:

Introduction. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to introduce new technologies to create special conditions for the socialization, development and realization of individual abilities and opportunities of people with disabilities with mental and behavioral disorders.

Aim. The aim of the study is to analyze the development of social occupation technology for people with mental and behavioral disorders in the subjects of the Russian Federation to determine ways to further develop social occupation, which will allow this contingent to be most fully covered by this technology and increase their level of social adaptation and socialization in general.

Materials and methods. The object of the study was the technology of social occupation of disabled people with mental disorders and behavioral disorders in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The research methodology included monitoring the development of technology for social occupation of disabled people according to a specially developed form in all subjects of the Russian Federation and analyzing its results. A contingent of people with disabilities with mental and behavioral disorders, intellectual disabilities, severe and multiple disabilities, who have a third degree of disability in their ability to work – able to perform only basic work with significant help from others – was selected for monitoring. At the Albrecht Federal Scientific and Educational Centre of Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation has developed a monitoring form, according to which information was collected from 89 subjects of the Russian Federation.

Results. The number of disabled people, including those with mental disorders, included in various types of social employment in authorized organizations of different departmental subordination has been determined. The total number of disabled people included in social employment in 2024 amounted to 120,585 people, 62.8 % of them with mental disorders – 75,786 people, 7894 children over 14 years old (6.5 %), people living in inpatient social service organizations – 49,194 (40.8 %), 934 people in permanent assisted living (0.1 %).

Discussion. As the monitoring data showed, currently people with disabilities with mental and behavioral disorders, with severe and multiple disabilities, having a third degree of disability in their ability to work, are included in social employment activities aimed at their socialization and development, mainly in social service institutions, in a larger number in inpatient ones. The picture is similar with people with disabilities with mental disorders. Based on the analysis, the main problems that impede the development of social employment in the regions are identified and ways to solve them are outlined.

Conclusion. The analysis of the monitoring results showed that when implementing the technology of social occupation of disabled people in the subjects of the Russian Federation, there are certain problems at both the regional and federal levels. The following ways of solving these problems are possible: continuation of the development of a regulatory legal framework, of forms and types of social occupation in organizations of various departmental subordination, development/creation of a material base for workshops and development activities, training of specialists, scientific and methodological support at the federal level, interdepartmental discussion of the development of social occupation and emerging problems.

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