Main causes of mortality after total hip and knee arthroplasty (literature review)

Authors:

Tkachenko Aleksandr Nikolaevich — Grand PhD in Medical Sciences (Dr. Med. Sci.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and MFS, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, 41 Kirochnaya Street, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: altkachenko@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-5160.

Savitski Viachaslav Dmitrievich — student, St. Petersburg State University, 7-9-11 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: slava_savitski@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7367-7528.

Urazovskaya Irina Leonidovna — PhD in Medical Sciences (Cand. Med. Sci.), Assistant, Department of Hospital Therapy and Cardiology, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, 41 Kirochnaya Street, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: doc.urazovskaya@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4165-4599.

Khaidarov Valerii Mikhailovich — PhD in Medical Sciences (Cand. Med. Sci.), associate professor, Department of traumatology, orthopedics and military field surgery, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, 41 Kirochnaya Street, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail khromov_alex@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0754-4348.

Mansurov Djalolidin Shamsidinovich — PhD in Medical Sciences (Cand. Med. Sci.), head of department of radiation diagnostics and therapy of the Samarkand state medical university, 18 Amir Temura Street, 140100 Samarkand, Uzbekistan; e-mail: jalolmedic511@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1799-641X.

Vorokov Alim Albertovich — resident of the Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopedics, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, 41 Kirochnaya Street, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: alimbekvor@icloud.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0644-9701.

Magdalinov Vadim Vadikovich — traumatologist-orthopedist, St. Petersburg State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “City Clinic N 96”, 53 Prosvesheniya Ave, build. 2A, 195274 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: magdalinov97@list.ru; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2786-513X.

Annotation:

Introduction. The total hip and knee arthroplasty is the operation of choice for the final stages of osteoarthritis. At the same time, joint replacement accompanied by the development of intraoperative and postoperative complications. Deaths have been reported in some cases of total knee and hip replacements.

Aim. The purpose of the study was to analyse the role of knee and hip total arthroplasty in short and longterm mortality.

Materials and methods. The data search was carried out in the open electronic databases of scientific literature PubMed/MEDLINE and eLIBRARY. The search was carried out using keywords and phrases: osteoarthritis of the knee joint; osteoarthritis of the hip joint; knee arthroplasty, hip arthroplasty, mortality. The search depth was 20 years.

Results. The statistic terms we most often found in data: intraoperative mortality, rates of deaths in the early postoperative period; 30 and 90 days after surgery, as well as 1, 5 and 10 years after joint replacement mortality.

Discussion. Mortality rates, according to various researchers, range from 0.1-0.6 % in the early postoperative period and reaching 25-26 % in 10 years after hip and knee replacement.

Conclusion. The statistical analysis of frequency and structure of deaths in different times after hip and knee replacement surgery due to osteoarthritis make it possible to clarify the indications and contraindications for arthroplasty. It developed recommendations reducing the mortality rate at different times after replacing large joints with implants.

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