Bioengineering system for differential diagnostics and treatment of chronic diseases

Authors:

Sadykova Elena Vladimirovna, PhD in engineering, Saint-Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, Department of Bioengineering Systems, Associate Professor, 5 Professor Popov Street, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, ph. +7(812)2340133, +7(921)9820910, e-mail: elensadykova@yandex.ru

In the heading: Original researches

Year: 2020 Volume: 2 Journal number: 2 

Pages: 58-64

Article type: scientific and practical

UDC: 004.895

DOI: 10.26211/2658-4522-2020-2-2-58-64

Annotation:

Introduction. Currently, there is no single methodological approach to the development of a biotechnical system that helps a doctor in solving the problems of diagnosis and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases.
Nevertheless, the widespread introduction of information and telecommunication technologies, modern medical devices, appliances, systems and complexes that support decision-making of doctors in biotechnical systems of remote medical diagnostics, is a rapidly developing direction nowadays.

Aim. Synthesis of a biotechnical system for differential diagnosis and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases to improve the effectiveness of medical care to the population of the Russian Federation, subject to continuous long-term monitoring of patients with chronic non-communicable diseases.

Materials and methods. The principles of synthesis of biotechnical systems of differential diagnosis and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases under constant supervision of the patient are considered, on their basis the components of methodological, software and algorithmic support of the system are proposed, the totality of which can be defined as a solution to a scientific problem of great socio-economic importance.

Results and discussion. The methods of the collective decision of differential diagnosis and chronic non- communicable diseases treatment optimization are obtained provided long-term, ongoing patient monitoring, allowing for the prognosis correction in the individual patient disease course and make the decision on the normalization of the patient’s condition in the period of the chronic non-communicable diseases exacerbation; methods of collection, processing and analysis of biomedical information using expert questionnaires on the health status of the patient, allowing the physician in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases as in acute state and in the period of the chronic non-communicable disease course; the web sites of communication between a doctor and a patient that contain the doctor decision support systems, allowing to carry out differential diagnostics and to predict the course of chronic non-communicable disease for a particular patient, and to provide informational support to the patient based on the expert questionnaires; the method for evaluating the effectiveness of the chronic non-communicable diseases differential diagnosis and treatment under the condition of continuous long-term patients monitoring, which provides high sensitivity and specificity in the chronic non-communicable diseases exacerbation diagnostics.
It has been experimentally shown that the method allows reducing the probability of recognition error by half in comparison with an unoptimized team of medical experts.
Problems related to the development of software and algorithmic biotechnical system support were solved, experimental samples of the doctor decision support systems for chronic non-communicable diseases differential diagnosis and treatment were obtained, as well as web sites for the diagnosis of rare diseases and their testing in medical institutions.

Conclusion. The chronic non-communicable diseases differential diagnostics and treatment biotechnical system synthesis methodology should be based on: consideration of methodological and program-algorithmic support system relationship, individual characteristics of the patient chronic non-communicable disease course; a permanent long-term patient monitoring with the aim of obtaining statistical data needed to refine and correct model of diagnosis and treatment of the patient, the algorithm of collection, processing and analysis of biomedical information; methods of decision-making by a team of medical experts profile specialists; remote collection, processing and analysis of biomedical information based on long-term continuous patient monitoring; using criteria and methods for evaluating chronic diseases differential diagnosis and treatment effectiveness, taking into account the disease dynamics based on the results of long-term continuous patient monitoring to clarify and correct the algorithm of the patient treatment.

Keywords: , , , , ,

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List of cited literature:

1. Gosudarstvennaya programma Rossijskoj Federacii «Razvitie zdravoohraneniya»: utverzhdena rasporyazheniem Pravitel’stva RF № 2511-p ot 24 dekabrya 2012 g. State program of the Russian Federation «development of healthcare»: approved by decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2511-p of December 24, 2012]. Ministry of health of the Russian Federation. URL: http://www.rosminzdrav.ru/health/72/ gprzo.pdf (In Russian).

2. Sadykova E.V., Yuldashev Z.M. Cistema udalennogo monitoringa sostoyaniya zdorov’ya i okazaniya ekstrennoj medicinskoj pomoshchi pacientam s hronicheskimi zabolevaniyami [Remote health state monitoring and emergency medical aid system for the patients with chronic diseases]. Biotechnosphere. 2017. No 1. pp. 2-7.

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