The dynamics of assisted living development for disabled people in Russia

Authors:

Luidmila A. Kozhushko, PhD in Medical sciences, Head of the department of organization of assisted living, Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled, 50 Bestuzhevskaya Street, 195067 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: l.timch@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3291-6606.

Irina G. Kantysheva, junior researcher, Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled, 50 Bestuzhevskaya Street, 195067 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; phone: +7(931)348-36-35; e-mail: iren.kante@mail.ru.

Annotation:

Introduction. The article deals with the development of technologies of assisted living for people with disabilities in Russia in dynamics over three years. The relevance of the study is caused by the increased importance of the problem of forming the foundations of an independent lifestyle for disabled people and deinstitutionalization of the boarding house system in Russia as a whole. One of the solutions to this problem was the introduction of assisted living in the Russian Federation, when people with severe disabilities were able to independently choose their place of residence and social environment, while receiving the necessary assistance from the outside. To assess the effectiveness of measures taken by the Government of the Russian Federation and to plan measures for further improvement of assisted living at the state and regional levels, it is necessary to assess the level and dynamics of technology development, which determined the objectives of this study.

Aim. To assess the level and dynamics of the development of assisted living technologies in various subjects of the Russian Federation. Identify the problems that make it difficult to implement technologies and measures to solve them.

Materials and methods. In the course of the study, indicators reflecting the consistency and effectiveness of the development of assisted living in 85 subjects of the Russian Federation in the dynamics from 2018 to 2021 were studied. The data for analysis are presented by the executive authorities in the field of social protection of the population. Methods of scientific cognition were used to evaluate the results: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, grouping), logical generalization, comparative and statistical analyses.

Results. The positive dynamics in the development of this direction in the country has been revealed, which is expressed in a doubling of the share of subjects involved in the implementation of assisted living and the number of disabled people receiving services in this form of life arrangement. The problems hindering the introduction of technologies are identified, the main of which are: gaps in regulatory legal acts at the federal and regional levels, lack of residential premises for the organization of apartments, lack of funding and lack of trained personnel. Measures to solve the problems are proposed.

Conclusion. The results of the study are of practical importance, as they can be used in planning activities at the federal and regional levels in order to further develop assisted living and its accessibility for people with severe disabilities.

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