General issues of cerebral palsy in children (a scientific review). Part 1: etiology, pathogenesis and clinical features of spastic forms

Authors:

Koltsov Andrey Anatolyevich, orthopedic traumatologist, PhD in Medical sciences, head of the 1st children’s traumatological and orthopedic department, Clinic of the Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled. E-mail: katandr2007@yandex.ru

Dzhomardly Elnur Isfandiyarovich, orthopedic traumatologist, post-graduate student in traumatology and orthopedics, Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled. E-mail: mamedov.ie@yandex.ru

Annotation:

Introduction. Cerebral palsy (CP) is an important medical and social problem that leads to childhood disability.
The scientific review is published in two sections. Part 1 is devoted to the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical features, and part 2 – to the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral palsy.

Aim. Analysis of the world literature on aspects of the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical features of cerebral palsy.

Materials and methods. Searching for literature sources in open electronic databases PubMed and eLIBRARY for the entire period available in these databases.

Results and discussion. The leading causes of cerebral palsy are considered to be damages or abnormalities in the development of the fetal brain in the perinatal period, but the number of publications devoted to research on the influence of genetic and immunological factors is growing.

Summary. The analysis of literary sources has shown an increase in the number of publications that deepen scientific knowledge about various aspects of cerebral palsy. However, there is still significant number of issues that require clarification and more detailed research.
The study of the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical features of cerebral palsy demonstrates a broader view of current medicine on the problem and is necessary for the subsequent analysis of the diagnostic and the treatment of patients with CP.

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