Features of the environment for the implementation of adapted physical education (physical rehabilitation) of disabled children due to visual impairment

Authors:

Razumovsky Mikhail Israel, Grand PhD in Medical sciences, Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled, 50 Bestuzhevskaya Street, 195067 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; tel.: +79217557106; e-mail: razumir@mail.ru.

Razumovskaya Anna Mikhailovna, Grand PhD in Medical sciences, Associated Professor of the Department of neurology, medical and social expertise and rehabilitation, St. Petersburg Institute of Advanced Medical Experts, 11/12 Bolshoy Sampsonievsky Ave., 194044 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; +79500311561; e-mail: amrazum@mail.ru.

Korovyansky Yuriy Alekseevich, PhD in Medical sciences, ophthalmologist of the highest category, Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled, 50 Bestuzhevskaya Street, 195067 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.

Annotation:

Introduction. Adapted physical education is a part of physical education that uses a complex of effective means of physical rehabilitation of disabled children and disabled since childhood due to visual impairments. However, for the most effective implementation of adaptive recreational activities, the creation of a favorable environment is required.

Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the characteristics of the environment for the implementation of physical rehabilitation of disabled children due to visual impairment.

Materials and methods. The literature data were studied and the results of work in this direction of the rehabilitation center for the visually impaired were analyzed.

Results. The basic needs of disabled children due to impaired visual functions in the field of physical rehabilitation have been determined, and on the basis of this, the features of the environment for the implementation of adapted physical education of this contingent have been identified.

Discussion. Determination of the basic needs of children with disabilities and people with disabilities from childhood due to visual impairment in the field of physical rehabilitation, allowed to identify the features of the environment for the implementation of adapted physical education of this contingent and to achieve positive results of physical improvement of basic motor and sports skills.
The developed system of group distribution of children with disabilities and disabled since childhood with various diseases of the visual organ for health-improving activities is based on the conclusions of a number of authors that the maximum effect of health-improving activities is achieved when physical exercises rationally balanced in orientation, power and volume correspond to individual physical capabilities, taking into account disabilities and concomitant pathology and criteria: the state of health, the nature of eye pathology, general physical fitness and the level of psychological readiness.
In order to achieve the maximum rehabilitation effect of conducting adapted physical education classes and other recreational activities, it is necessary to ensure not only that the power and volume of physical activity of exercises correspond to the individual physical capabilities of the body, but also the features of the environment created for disabled children and the disabled.

Conclusion. The study showed that the basis of the results of adapted physical education in children with severe visual impairment is the consolidation of the previous motor experience obtained earlier, namely the physical improvement of the main motor and sports elements, taking into account the pathology of the patient.

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